How To Space Things Perfectly In Photoshop

Photoshop User Guide
Introduction to Photoshop
1. Dream it. Get in.
2. What's new in Photoshop
3. Edit your first photo
4. Create documents
5. Photoshop | Common Questions
6. Photoshop system requirements
7. Migrate presets, actions, and settings
8. Become to know Photoshop
Photoshop and Adobe services
1. Photoshop and Adobe Stock
2. Creative Cloud Libraries
3. Artistic Deject Libraries in Photoshop
4. Use the Touch Bar with Photoshop
5. Work with Illustrator artwork in Photoshop
6. Employ the Capture in-app extension in Photoshop
7. Grid and guides
8. Creating deportment
9. Undo and history
10. Default keyboard shortcuts
11. Touch capabilities and customizable workspaces
Photoshop on the iPad
1. Photoshop on the iPad | Common questions
2. Get to know the workspace
3. System requirements | Photoshop on the iPad
4. Create, open, and export documents
5. Add photos
6. Work with layers
7. Draw and paint with brushes
8. Make selections and add together masks
9. Retouch your composites
10. Work with adjustment layers
11. Adapt the tonality of your composite with Curves
12. Apply transform operations
13. Crop and rotate your composites
14. Rotate, pan, zoom, and reset the canvas
15. Work with Blazon layers
16. Piece of work with Photoshop and Lightroom
17. Get missing fonts in Photoshop on the iPad
18. Japanese Text in Photoshop on the iPad
19. Manage app settings
20. Bear on shortcuts and gestures
21. Keyboard shortcuts
22. Edit your image size
23. Livestream as yous create in Photoshop on the iPad
24. Right imperfections with the Healing Brush
25. Create brushes in Capture and use them in Photoshop
26. Work with Camera Raw files
27. Create and work with Smart Objects
28. Adjust exposure in your images with Dodge and Burn down
Photoshop on the web beta
1. Common questions | Photoshop on the spider web beta
2. Introduction to the workspace
3. System requirements | Photoshop on the web beta
4. Keyboard shortcuts | Photoshop on the spider web beta
5. Supported file types | Photoshop on the web beta
6. Open and work with deject documents
7. Interact with stakeholders
8. Apply limited edits to your deject documents
Cloud documents
1. Photoshop cloud documents | Common questions
2. Photoshop cloud documents | Workflow questions
3. Manage and work with cloud documents in Photoshop
4. Upgrade cloud storage for Photoshop
5. Unable to create or relieve a cloud document
6. Solve Photoshop deject document errors
7. Collect deject document sync logs
8. Share access and edit your cloud documents
9. Share files and comment in-app
Workspace
1. Workspace basics
2. Create documents
3. Use the Touch Bar with Photoshop
4. Microsoft Dial support in Photoshop
5. Tool galleries
6. Performance preferences
7. Use tools
8. Touch gestures
9. Affect capabilities and customizable workspaces
10. Technology previews
11. Metadata and notes
12. Quickly share your creations
13. Place Photoshop images in other applications
14. Preferences
15. Default keyboard shortcuts
16. Rulers
17. Bear witness or hide non-printing Extras
18. Specify columns for an paradigm
19. Undo and history
20. Panels and menus
21. Place files
22. Position elements with snapping
23. Position with the Ruler tool
24. Presets
25. Customize keyboard shortcuts
26. Grid and guides
Web, screen, and app design
1. Photoshop for blueprint
2. Artboards
3. Device Preview
4. Copy CSS from layers
5. Slice web pages
6. HTML options for slices
7. Modify slice layout
8. Piece of work with web graphics
9. Create spider web photo galleries
Epitome and color basics
1. How to resize images
2. Work with raster and vector images
3. Image size and resolution
4. Larn images from cameras and scanners
5. Create, open up, and import images
6. View images
7. Invalid JPEG Marker error | Opening images
8. Viewing multiple images
9. Customize color pickers and swatches
10. High dynamic range images
11. Match colors in your image
12. Convert between color modes
13. Color modes
14. Erase parts of an image
15. Blending modes
16. Cull colors
17. Customize indexed color tables
18. Image information
19. Misconstrue filters are unavailable
20. About colour
21. Color and monochrome adjustments using channels
22. Choose colors in the Color and Swatches panels
23. Sample
24. Colour style or Prototype fashion
25. Color cast
26. Add a conditional manner modify to an activity
27. Add swatches from HTML CSS and SVG
28. Bit depth and preferences
Layers
1. Layer nuts
2. Nondestructive editing
3. Create and manage layers and groups
4. Select, group, and link layers
5. Place images into frames
6. Layer opacity and blending
7. Mask layers
8. Use Smart Filters
9. Layer comps
10. Movement, stack, and lock layers
11. Mask layers with vector masks
12. Manage layers and groups
13. Layer effects and styles
14. Edit layer masks
15. Extract avails
16. Reveal layers with clipping masks
17. Generate image avails from layers
18. Work with Smart Objects
19. Blending modes
20. Combine multiple images into a grouping portrait
21. Combine images with Automobile-Blend Layers
22. Align and distribute layers
23. Copy CSS from layers
24. Load selections from a layer or layer mask'southward boundaries
25. Knockout to reveal content from other layers
26. Layer
27. Flattening
28. Blended
29. Background
Selections
1. Select and Mask workspace
2. Brand quick selections
3. Get started with selections
4. Select with the marquee tools
5. Select with the lasso tools
6. Select a color range in an image
7. Adapt pixel selections
8. Catechumen between paths and selection borders
9. Channel basics
10. Move, copy, and delete selected pixels
11. Create a temporary quick mask
12. Salvage selections and alpha channel masks
13. Select the image areas in focus
14. Duplicate, split up, and merge channels
15. Aqueduct calculations
16. Selection
17. Bounding box
Image adjustments
1. Perspective warp
2. Reduce camera milkshake blurring
3. Healing brush examples
4. Export colour lookup tables
5. Conform epitome sharpness and blur
6. Understand color adjustments
7. Apply a Brightness/Contrast aligning
8. Adjust shadow and highlight detail
9. Levels adjustment
10. Adjust hue and saturation
11. Adjust vibrance
12. Adjust color saturation in image areas
13. Make quick tonal adjustments
14. Apply special color effects to images
15. Enhance your image with color balance adjustments
16. High dynamic range images
17. View histograms and pixel values
18. Friction match colors in your image
19. How to crop and straighten photos
20. Catechumen a color prototype to black and white
21. Adjustment and fill up layers
22. Curves adjustment
23. Blending modes
24. Target images for press
25. Adjust color and tone with Levels and Curves eyedroppers
26. Adjust HDR exposure and toning
27. Filter
28. Blur
29. Dodge or fire image areas
30. Make selective color adjustments
31. Replace object colors
Adobe Camera Raw
1. Camera Raw organisation requirements
2. What's new in Camera Raw
3. Introduction to Camera Raw
4. Create panoramas
5. Supported lenses
6. Vignette, grain, and dehaze effects in Camera Raw
7. Default keyboard shortcuts
8. Automatic perspective correction in Camera Raw
9. How to brand non-destructive edits in Photographic camera Raw
10. Radial Filter in Photographic camera Raw
11. Manage Camera Raw settings
12. Open, process, and relieve images in Photographic camera Raw
13. Repair images with the Enhanced Spot Removal tool in Camera Raw
14. Rotate, ingather, and adjust images
15. Conform color rendering in Photographic camera Raw
16. Feature summary | Adobe Camera Raw | 2018 releases
17. New features summary
18. Process versions in Camera Raw
19. Make local adjustments in Camera Raw
Paradigm repair and restoration
1. Remove objects from your photos with Content-Aware Make full
2. Content-Aware Patch and Move
3. Retouch and repair photos
4. Correct prototype baloney and dissonance
5. Basic troubleshooting steps to fix most issues
Image transformations
1. Transform objects
2. Adjust crop, rotation, and canvas size
3. How to crop and straighten photos
4. Create and edit panoramic images
5. Warp images, shapes, and paths
6. Vanishing Point
7. Utilize the Liquify filter
8. Content-enlightened scaling
9. Transform images, shapes, and paths
10. Warp
11. Transform
12. Panorama
Cartoon and painting
1. Paint symmetrical patterns
2. Draw rectangles and change stroke options
3. Nigh drawing
4. Draw and edit shapes
5. Painting tools
6. Create and change brushes
7. Blending modes
8. Add color to paths
9. Edit paths
10. Pigment with the Mixer Brush
11. Brush presets
12. Gradients
13. Gradient interpolation
14. Fill and stroke selections, layers, and paths
15. Draw with the Pen tools
16. Create patterns
17. Generate a design using the Pattern Maker
18. Manage paths
19. Manage pattern libraries and presets
20. Draw or pigment with a graphics tablet
21. Create textured brushes
22. Add dynamic elements to brushes
23. Gradient
24. Paint stylized strokes with the Art History Brush
25. Paint with a pattern
26. Sync presets on multiple devices
Text
1. Work with OpenType SVG fonts
2. Format characters
3. Format paragraphs
4. How to create blazon effects
5. Edit text
6. Line and character spacing
7. Arabic and Hebrew blazon
8. Fonts
9. Troubleshoot fonts
10. Asian type
11. Create type
12. Text Engine mistake using Blazon tool in Photoshop | Windows viii
13. World-Ready composer for Asian Scripts
14. How to add together and edit the text in Photoshop
Video and animation
1. Video editing in Photoshop
2. Edit video and animation layers
3. Video and blitheness overview
4. Preview video and animations
5. Paint frames in video layers
6. Import video files and image sequences
7. Create frame animations
8. Creative Cloud 3D Animation (Preview)
9. Create timeline animations
10. Create images for video
Filters and furnishings
1. Use the Liquify filter
2. Employ the Blur Gallery
3. Filter basics
4. Filter furnishings reference
5. Add Lighting Effects
6. Utilize the Adaptive Wide Bending filter
7. Use the Oil Pigment filter
8. Layer furnishings and styles
9. Apply specific filters
10. Smudge image areas
Saving and exporting
1. Save your files in Photoshop
2. Export your files in Photoshop
3. Supported file formats
4. Save files in graphics formats
5. Motility designs between Photoshop and Illustrator
6. Salvage and export video and animations
7. Relieve PDF files
8. Digimarc copyright protection
Printing
1. Print 3D objects
2. Print from Photoshop
3. Print with color direction
4. Contact Sheets and PDF Presentations
5. Print photos in a picture packet layout
6. Impress spot colors
7. Duotones
8. Print images to a commercial press press
9. Ameliorate colour prints from Photoshop
10. Troubleshoot printing problems | Photoshop
Automation
1. Creating actions
2. Create data-driven graphics
3. Scripting
4. Process a batch of files
5. Play and manage actions
6. Add conditional actions
7. About actions and the Actions console
8. Record tools in actions
9. Add a conditional manner modify to an action
10. Photoshop UI toolkit for plug-ins and scripts
Colour Management
1. Understanding color management
2. Keeping colors consequent
3. Color settings
4. Work with color profiles
5. Color-managing documents for online viewing
6. Color-managing documents when printing
7. Color-managing imported images
8. Proofing colors
Content authenticity
1. Learn nearly content credentials
2. Identity and provenance for NFTs
3. Connect accounts for creative attribution
3D and technical imaging
1. Photoshop 3D | Common questions around discontinued 3D features
2. Creative Deject 3D Animation (Preview)
3. Impress 3D objects
4. 3D painting
5. 3D console enhancements | Photoshop
6. Essential 3D concepts and tools
7. 3D rendering and saving
8. Create 3D objects and animations
9. Image stacks
10. 3D workflow
11. Measurement
12. DICOM files
13. Photoshop and MATLAB
14. Count objects in an image
15. Combine and catechumen 3D objects
16. 3D texture editing
17. Arrange HDR exposure and toning
18. 3D panel settings

In Photoshop CS6, 3D functionality is office of Photoshop Extended. All features in Photoshop Extended are part of Photoshop. Photoshop does not have a split Extended offering.

About measurement

Using the Photoshop Measurement characteristic you can measure any area defined with the Ruler tool or with a choice tool, including irregular areas selected with the Lasso, Quick Select, or Magic Wand tools. You can also compute the height, width, area, and perimeter, or track measurements of one image or multiple images. Measurement information is recorded in the Measurement Log panel. You can customize the Measurement Log columns, sort information within columns, and export data from the log to a tab-delimited, Unicode text file.

Setting a measurement scale sets a specified number of pixels in the image equal to a number of scale units, such every bit inches, millimeters, or microns. In one case you've created a scale, you can measure areas and receive calculations and log results in the selected scale units. You can create multiple measurement scale presets, although only one scale can be used in a certificate at a time.

You tin place scale markers on an image to display the measurement calibration. Scale markers can appear with or without a explanation displaying measurement calibration units.

Set the measurement scale

Use the Ruler tool to ready the measurement scale for a document. You lot tin can create measurement scale presets for frequently used measurement scales. Presets are added to the Image > Analysis > Prepare Measurement Scale submenu. The current measurement scale for a certificate is checked in the submenu, and appears in the Info panel.

Cull Prototype > Analysis > Fix Measurement Scale > Default to return to the default measurement scale, one pixel = 1 pixel.

Set measurement calibration

Cull Paradigm > Analysis > Set Measurement Scale > Custom. The Ruler tool is automatically selected. Elevate the tool to measure a pixel distance in the paradigm or enter a value in the Pixel Length text box. Your current tool setting is restored when you shut the Measurement Scale dialog box.

Enter the Logical Length and Logical Units that yous want to ready equal to the Pixel Length.

For case, if the Pixel Length is 50, and you desire to set a calibration of 50 pixels per micron, enter 1 for Logical Length, and microns for the Logical Units.

Click OK in the Measurement Scale dialog box to fix the measurement scale on the document.

Choose File > Salvage to save the current measurement scale setting with the document.

To display the calibration in the Info panel, cull Panel Options from the panel card, and select Measurement Scale in the Status Information area.

To display the measurement scale at the lesser of the document window, choose Show > Measurement Scale from the certificate window menu.

Create a measurement calibration preset

Choose Prototype > Assay > Set Measurement Scale > Custom.

Create a measurement scale.

Click Salve Preset and proper noun the preset.

Click OK. The preset you created is added to the Image > Analysis > Gear up Measurement Scale submenu.

Delete a measurement scale preset

Cull Image > Analysis > Prepare Measurement Scale > Custom.

Select the preset yous want to delete.

Click Delete Preset and click OK.

Use scale markers

Measurement scale markers brandish the measurement scale used in your certificate. Set the measurement scale for a document before creating a scale marker. You tin can ready the marker length in logical units, include a text caption indicating the length, and set the mark and explanation color to black or white.

Create a scale mark

Choose Prototype > Assay > Place Scale Mark.

In the Measurement Calibration Mark dialog box, set the following options:

Length

Enter a value to fix the length of the scale mark. The length of the marker in pixels depends on the measurement scale that is currently selected for the document.

Font

Choose the font for the display text.

Font Size

Choose the font size for the display text.

Display Text

Select this selection to show the logical length and units for the calibration marking.

Text position

Displays caption higher up or below the scale marker.

Colour

Sets the scale marker and caption color to blackness or white.

The scale marker is placed in the lower left corner of the epitome. The marker adds a layer group to the document, containing a text layer (if the Display Text option is selected) and a graphic layer. You can use the Motility tool to move the calibration marker, or the Text tool to edit the caption or alter text size, font, or color.

Add or replace scale markers

Y'all can place multiple scale markers in a certificate, or supercede existing markers.

Additional scale markers are placed in the same position on the image and can obscure each other, depending on their length. To view an underlying marker, plow off the scale marker layer set up.

Choose Prototype > Analysis > Place Scale Marker.

Enter settings for the new marking and click OK.

Delete a calibration marker

In the Layers console, select the Measurement Calibration Mark layer group for the scale marker you lot want to delete.

Right-click the layer grouping and select Delete Group from the context menu, or click the Delete Layer button.

Click Group and Contents.

Perform a measurement

You can mensurate using the Photoshop selection tools, Ruler tool, or Count tool. Cull a measurement tool that matches the type of information you desire to tape in the Measurement Log.

Create a selection area to measure values such as acme, width, perimeter, area, and pixel gray values. You can mensurate one selection or several selections at once.
Describe a line with the Ruler tool to measure linear distance and angle.
Use the Count tool to count items on the paradigm, then record the number of items. Come across Counting objects in an image.

Each measurement measures one or more data points. The data points yous select determine the information recorded in the Measurement Log. Data points correspond to the blazon of tool you're measuring with. Surface area, perimeter, summit, and width are available data points for measuring selections. Length and bending are available data points for Ruler tool measurements. You can create and save sets of data points for detail types of measurements to speed your workflow.

Open an existing document.

Cull Image > Analysis > Set Measurement Scale and cull a measurement scale preset for the document (come across Set up the measurement calibration), or choose Custom and set a custom measurement scale.

Measurements are computed and recorded in the Measurement Log using the scale units in effect when a measurement is recorded. If no measurement scale exists, the default scale is one pixel = 1 pixel.

(Optional) Cull Image > Assay > Select Data Points and do one of the post-obit:

Choose Custom to select information points to measure.
Select an existing information bespeak preset from the submenu.

In the Select Data Points dialog box, data points are grouped according to the measurement tool that can measure them. The Common data points are bachelor for all tools. They add useful information to the Measurement Log such as the name of the file being measured, the measurement calibration, and the date/time of the measurement.

By default all data points are selected. Y'all tin select a subset of data points for a particular type of measurement, then relieve the combination as a information signal preset.

When you lot measure with a particular tool, but the data points associated with that tool are displayed in the log, even if other data points are selected. For example, if you make a measurement with the Ruler tool, simply the Ruler tool data points appear in the Measurement Log, along with any Common data points that are selected.

Cull an prototype characteristic and measurement tool to match the selected data points. Practise 1 of the post-obit:

Create one or more selections on the paradigm.
Cull Image > Analysis > Ruler Tool, or click the Ruler tool in the toolbox, and then utilise the tool to mensurate the length of an epitome area.
Choose Image > Assay > Count Tool, or click the Count tool in the toolbox, then count items in the image.

Choose Window > Measurement Log to open the Measurement Log console.

Choose Image > Analysis > Record Measurements, or click Record Measurements in the Measurement Log panel.

If your currently selected information points practise not correspond to the current measurement tool, yous are asked to select data points for that tool.

The Measurement log has columns for each data indicate you selected in the Measurement Data Points dialog box. Each measurement you lot make enters a new row of data in the Measurement Log.

If you measure multiple selected areas on the prototype, one row of data is created in the log containing summary or cumulative data for all selected areas, followed by a row of data for each selection area. Each option surface area is listed as a separate Feature in the Characterization column of the log and assigned a unique number.

You can echo steps 2 through 6 for a variety of different selections in the same or multiple documents. The Document column in the Measurement Log reflects the source of the measurement data.

Measurement information points

Bending

Angle of orientation (±0‑180) of the Ruler tool.

Area

Surface area of selection in square pixels, or in calibrated units according to the electric current measurement scale (such as square millimeters).

Circularity

4pi(area/perimeterⁱⁱ). A value of 1.0 indicates a perfect circle. Every bit the value approaches 0.0, it indicates an increasingly elongated polygon. Values may not exist valid for very small selections.

Count

Varies according to the measuring tool used. Pick tool: the number of discontiguous selection areas on the prototype. Count tool: the number of counted items on the epitome. Ruler tool: the number of Ruler lines visible (1 or 2).

Appointment and Time

Applies a date/fourth dimension stamp of when the measurement occurred.

Document

Identifies the document (file) measured.

Greyness Value

This is a measurement of brightness, either from 0 to 255 (for 8‑bit images), 0 to 32,768 (for 16‑flake images), or 0.0 to 10 (for 32‑scrap images). For all grey value-related measurements, the image is internally converted to grayscale (equivalent to choosing Image > Manner > Grayscale) using the default grayscale profile. Then the requested calculations (mean, median, minimum, maximum) are calculated for each feature and for the summary.

Tiptop

Height of the pick (max y - min y), in units co-ordinate to the current measurement scale.

Histogram

Generates histogram data for each aqueduct in the image (three for RGB images, four for CMYK, and and so on), recording the number of pixels at each value from 0 to 255 (16‑bit or 32‑bit values are converted to 8‑chip). When you export data from the Measurement Log, the numeric histogram data is exported to a CSV (comma-separated value) file. The file is placed in its ain folder at the same location where the measurement log tab-delimited text file is exported. Histogram files are assigned a unique number, starting at 0, and progressing by 1. For multiple selections measured at once, one histogram file is generated for the total selected surface area, plus additional histogram files for each selection.

Integrated Density

The sum of the values of the pixels in the option. This is equivalent to the product of Area (in pixels) and Mean Grayness Value.

Label

Identifies and automatically numbers each measurement equally Measurement 1, Measurement two, and then on. For multiple selections measured simultaneously, each selection is assigned an additional Feature characterization and number.

Length

Linear distance defined by the Ruler tool on the image, in units according to the electric current measurement scale.

Perimeter

The perimeter of the selection. For multiple selections measured at once, ane measurement is generated for the total perimeter of all selections, plus additional measurements for each selection.

Calibration

The measurement scale of the source certificate (for example, 100 px = 3 miles).

Scale Units

Logical units of the measurement scale.

Scale Factor

The number of pixels assigned to the scale unit.

Source

Source of the measurement: Ruler tool, Count tool, or Selection.

Width

Width of the selection (max x - min 10), in units according to the electric current measurement scale.

Create a data signal preset

Choose Image > Analysis > Select Data Points > Custom.

Select information points to include in the preset.

Click Save Preset and name the preset.

Click OK. The preset is saved and is now bachelor from the Analysis > Select Data Points submenu.

Edit a data point preset

Choose Prototype > Analysis > Select Data Points > Custom.

Choose the preset y'all want to edit from the Preset menu.

Select or deselect data points. The Preset name changes to Custom.

Click Save Preset. Enter the original preset name to supercede the existing preset, or a new name to create a new preset.

Delete a data point preset

Cull Image > Analysis > Select Data Points > Custom.

Choose the preset you lot desire to delete from the Preset menu.

Click Delete Preset, then Yeah to confirm the deletion.

Use the Measurement Log

When you measure an object, the Measurement Log console records the measurement data. Each row in the log represents a measurement set; columns represent the data points in a measurement ready.

When you lot mensurate an object, a new row appears in the Measurement Log. You can reorder columns in the log, sort data in columns, delete rows or columns, or export data from the log to a comma-delimited text file.

Display the Measurement Log

Choose Image > Analysis > Record Measurements.
Choose Window > Measurement Log.

Select rows in the log

Click a row in the log to select it.
To select multiple contiguous rows, click the first row and drag through additional rows, or click the get-go row and and so Shift-click the terminal row.
To select noncontiguous rows, click the commencement row and and then Ctrl-click (Windows) or Command-click (Mac) boosted rows.
To select all rows, click Select All.
To deselect all rows, click Select None.

Select columns in the log

Click a column header.
To select contiguous columns, click a column header and drag through additional columns, or click the showtime column header and then Shift-click the concluding column header.
To select noncontiguous columns, click the showtime cavalcade header and then Ctrl-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac) additional cavalcade headers.

Reorder, resize, or sort columns in the log

Drag selected columns to reorder them in the log. The column position is indicated by a double black line.
To resize a column, click the column header and then drag the separator.
To sort data in a column, click the column header to change the sort gild, or right-click the header and choose Sort Ascending or Sort Descending. (Rows cannot be manually reordered.)

Delete rows or columns from the log

Select one or more rows or columns in the log.

Cull Delete from the Measurement Log options menu.
Click the Delete icon at the top of the panel.
Correct-click in a row or column header, then select Delete from the popular-up bill of fare.

Export Measurement Log information

You can export data from the Measurement Log into a comma-delimited text file. You can open the text file in a spreadsheet application and perform statistical or analytical calculations from the measurement data.

Select one or more rows of information in the log.

Choose Export from the Measurement Log options menu.
Click the Export icon at the superlative of the console.
Right-click in a row, so select Export from the pop-upwardly menu.

Enter a filename and location, and click Save.

The measurements are exported to a comma-delimited, UTF‑8 text file.

Source: https://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/using/measurement.html

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